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  7. Order-level materials FAQs

Order-level materials FAQs

The following are frequently asked questions related to Order-Level Materials, also known as OLMs.

  1. General
  2. OLMs defined
  3. MAS contract level implementation
  4. Order-level/Request for Quotes requirements
  5. Contractor compliance
  6. The 33.33% limitation
  7. Indirect costs
  8. MAS Blanket Purchase Agreements

1. General

1.1. How does the OLM process benefit industry?

Greater use of the Multiple Award Schedule allows MAS contractors to compete for more orders and reduces the need for contractors to incur additional bid and proposal costs related to the award of other commercial indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity contracts. Additionally, the reduction in duplicative and inefficient contracts removes barriers to entry into the federal marketplace, especially for small businesses.

1.2. How does the OLM process benefit federal agencies?

Clear and comprehensive implementation of the authority to acquire OLMs via MAS contracts creates parity between the MAS Program and other commercial indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity contracts. Agencies will be able to fully utilize the MAS Program to meet requirements, rather than conducting separate open market procurements. It’ll also eliminate the need for agencies to further contribute to contract duplication by creating new commercial indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity contracts that have a similar scope to the MAS Program but allow for the inclusion of OLMs.

1.3. How does the final rule differ from the proposed rule GSA published in September 2016? Did GSA incorporate feedback from industry and federal agencies?

GSA made changes to the final rule based on the public comments received on the proposed rule to include:

  • Flexibility for contractors to recover indirect costs.
  • Three-quote requirement for price reasonableness was revised and narrowed.

Please refer to the final rule for full details.

1.4. Doesn’t the GSAR change only apply to GSA? How can ordering activities outside of GSA use the OLM authority if FAR Subpart 8.4 was not updated?

GSA has the authority to set special ordering procedures for the MAS Program (see FAR 8.403(b)). GSA has created special ordering procedures for the acquisition of OLMs via GSAR clause 552.238-115 Special Ordering Procedures for the Acquisition of Order-Level Materials. This clause has been incorporated into MAS contracts and authorizes ordering activities to include OLMs at the order level. GSA has also added a link to the OLM special ordering procedures at FAR 8.403(b) to increase the visibility of OLM authority.

1.5. Why are OLMs only authorized under certain MAS subcategories? Doesn’t it make more sense to include this authority under all categories?

Based on feedback from industry and ordering activities, GSA currently has authorized 60 subcategories under the MAS Program. This information can be found on GSA’s OLM page. Additional subcategories may be authorized in the future.

2. OLMs defined

2.1. What is the difference between the OLMs SIN, the Ancillary Supplies and Services SIN, and open market items?

Please refer to our table explaining the support types.

2.2 Is travel always an OLM?

Travel may be acquired under the authority of MAS clause C-FSS-370 Contractor Tasks/Special Requirements, paragraph (b). It’s not subject to the OLM process.

2.3. Can you explain how “subcontractor services” can be included as an OLM?

Per GSAR 538.7202(a)(1), OLMs include “subcontracts for supplies and incidental services for which there is not a labor category specified in the Federal Supply Schedule contract.” This is rare, but meant for cases where a.) there are services not already covered in an awarded labor category at the MAS contract level; b.) the service itself is incidental to the work being performed; and c.) the service is not known at the time of MAS contract award.

2.4. Is freight considered an OLM?

No. If the freight terms are FOB Destination, then freight is already included as part of the awarded MAS contract price. If the freight terms are FOB Origin, then freight will be included as a separate line item and is not subject to the Industrial Funding Fee.

2.5. Can an OLM be a non-commercial item?

No. OLMs are purchased under the authority of the GSA MAS Program, which only allows for the award of commercial items. Since OLMs are not awarded at the MAS contract level, the ordering activity must ensure that each offered OLM meets the FAR 2.101 definition of commercial product or commercial service.

2.6. Can an OLM be for A&E or construction services?

No. OLMs are purchased under the authority of the MAS Program, which does not allow for the acquisition of A&E or construction services.

3. MAS contract level implementation

3.1. Do contractors awarded the OLMs SIN have an advantage over contractors without it?

GSA highly recommends that contractors add the OLMs SIN if the contract is under an OLM-authorized subcategory. It’s simple and easy to add and provides the vendor with maximum flexibility in responding to Request for Quotes. However, total solutions can be provided via various combinations of MAS SINs, the Ancillary Supplies and Services SIN, the OLMs SIN, or the Open Market Item authority in FAR 8.402(f). The ordering activity CO should make award to the contractor whose quote represents the overall best value, consistent with the evaluation criteria in the Request for Quotes.

3.2. Will contractors have to submit an eMod request to add the OLMs SIN, or will all contracts get the SIN via the mass modification?

Currently, the only way to add the OLMs SIN is via acceptance of the OLM modification. The OLMs SIN will be added to the contract automatically upon acceptance - no additional action is required on the part of the contractor. Contractors won’t be able to request the OLMs SIN via eMod until systems updates are complete. GSA therefore strongly recommends that contractors do not decline the OLM modification unless certain they’ll not want/need the SIN before these systems updates are made.

3.3. Is it possible to have a MAS contract with both the Ancillary Supplies and Services SIN and the OLMs SIN?

Yes. The ODC and Ancillary Supplies and Services SINs are for incidental items that are known and can be awarded at the MAS-contract level. If a contractor can define and price incidental items at the MAS contract level under the Ancillary Supplies and Services or ODC SINs (they are routinely provided), they should do so. The OLMs SIN is only for incidental items that are unknown at the time of MAS-contract award and, therefore, must be defined and established at the order level.

4. Order-level/Request for Quotes requirements

4.1. What special ordering procedures apply to the acquisition of OLMs?

Refer to GSAR clause 552.238-115 Special Ordering Procedures for the Acquisition of Order-Level Materials , which establishes procedures for including OLMs when placing an individual task or delivery order against a MAS contract or Blanket Purchase Agreement.

4.2. When is a Determination and Findings required for OLMs?

FAR 8.404(h) requires preparation of a Determination and Findings for Time-and-Materials (T&M) and Labor-Hour orders regardless of dollar value. The OLM Contract Line Item Number (CLIN) must be T&M, regardless of whether additional T&M CLINs are included on the order (OLMs may be added to FFP, T&M, or Labor Hour Orders).

4.3. Can OLMs be proposed in *any* quote, even if the Request for Quotes does not specifically reference the OLMs SIN?

Yes. Under OLM-authorized subcategories, OLMs can be proposed in a quote unless the Request for Quotes specifically prohibits inclusion of the OLMs SIN.

4.4. Does GSA eBuy allow inclusion of OLMs in quotes?

Yes. After selecting the SIN(s) that represent the primary purpose of the requirement, ordering activity COs (buyers) will have the option to allow OLMs in quotes if the selected SIN(s) fall under an authorized OLM subcategory. When an ordering activity CO indicates that OLMs are allowed, contractors (sellers) will be notified when they view the Request for Quotes in eBuy. A contractor must be awarded the OLMs SIN to propose OLMs in its quote.

4.5. Will ordering activities be able to search GSA eLibrary to see which contractors are awarded the OLMs SIN and therefore authorized to include OLMs in orders?

Yes. One of the many advantages of having a dedicated SIN for OLMs is that it’s searchable and displayed in GSA eLibrary just like any other MAS SIN.

4.6. Why must OLMs be procured under a T&M order or CLIN?

For purposes of the MAS Program, OLMs represent the “materials” in Time-and-Materials. OLMs are only authorized under T&M CLINs in T&M or hybrid Fixed-Price/T&M orders. By definition, only T&M allows ordering activity COs the flexibility to define materials at the order level in cases where needed products or services are unknown at the time of MAS contract award.

GSAR clause 552.238-115(d)(2) states, “Order-level materials are included in the definition of the term “material” in FAR clause 52.212-4 Alternate I, and therefore all provisions of FAR clause 52.212-4 Alternate I that apply to “materials” also apply to order-level materials.” Please reference FAR clause 552.212-4 Alternate I and GSAR clause 552.238-115 for additional details.

4.7. Who sets the ceiling amount for OLMs?

The ceiling amount is set by the ordering activity CO when the order is awarded. However, it shall not exceed 33.33% of the total life-cycle value of the order.

4.8. Who determines whether an OLM is in “direct support” of an order?

The ordering activity CO determines whether an OLM is in direct support of an order.

4.9. Who makes the determination that OLM pricing is fair and reasonable?

The ordering activity CO is responsible for making a fair and reasonable pricing determination in accordance with FAR 15.404.

4.10. Who has the final call on scope issues related to OLMs?

The ordering activity CO makes the final call on all scope issues.

4.11. When is the contractor required to obtain three quotes?

The contractor must obtain a minimum of three quotes for any OLM that exceeds the Simplified Acquisition Threshold. This is on a per-item basis. Please see GSAR clause 552.238-115 for exceptions.

4.12. If a contractor is the manufacturer, how would it acquire three quotes for OLMs that exceed the Simplified Acquisition Threshold?

Per GSAR clause 552.238-115(d)(7), “If the contractor cannot obtain three quotes, the contractor shall maintain its documentation of why three quotes could not be obtained to support their determination.”

4.13. Are OLMs like open market Items, where they have to be invoiced as separate line items and clearly marked?

No. OLMs are purchased under the authority of the MAS Program and therefore do not require special labeling. Open Market Items that are added to MAS orders for administrative convenience under the authority of FAR 8.402(f) must be clearly marked because they are non-MAS items.

4.14. Can an order be modified to add OLMs once the contractor adds the OLMs SIN to its MAS contract?

Existing orders awarded directly against a MAS contract or through a MAS Blanket Purchase Agreement may be modified to allow for OLMs at the discretion of the OCO. The following three scenarios are common:

  • The original order included only Federal Supply Schedule labor. Now the contractor is quoting OLMs in connection with a negotiated modification.
  • The original order included ODCs as open-market items. For the option years, the contractor wants to “convert” them to OLMs.
  • The original order included OLMs. Now the contractor is quoting new and/or additional items within OLMs.

These are all a matter of scope. It’s up to the OCO to determine whether adding OLMs post-award, which were not contemplated with the original order, would be considered out of the scope of the order. The OCO must consider the requirements at FAR 8.405-6, Limiting Sources, and should be aware of the potential for protests when making changes.

Existing Blanket Purchase Agreements: OLMs may be incorporated into existing Blanket Purchase Agreements for use on future orders at the discretion of the OCO. The OCO should consider scope issues as stated above.

4.15. Can a contractor add profit/fee to OLMs?

No. OLMs may only be included in orders at actual cost. The addition of profit/fee is not allowed. Contractors are, however, allowed to propose indirect costs as an OLM.

4.16. Can a contractor propose OLMs that are within the scope of its MAS contract?

Yes. However, the contractor should strive to add these items to its MAS contract as soon as possible, for future use.

4.17. Can a contractor propose OLMs that are outside the scope of its MAS contract?

Yes. If the OLM items are in direct support of the order to be placed under the MAS contract, this is acceptable.

4.18. When an item cannot be added at the MAS contract level because it’s not Trade Agreements Act compliant (or fails to meet some other MAS requirement), can it be included in orders as an OLM instead?

No. OLMs are MAS contract items. If a requirement exists at the MAS level, it applies to OLMs as well (see GSAR clause 552.238-115 for exceptions).

4.19. Can the “Open Market Items” authority in FAR 8.402(f) be used to add non-Trade Agreements Act-compliant items to MAS orders?

For administrative convenience, Open Market Items can be added to a MAS order per FAR 8.402(f). However, they must be clearly marked in the order as non-MAS/Open Market Items (i.e., they are not being purchased under the authority of the GSA MAS Program), and the purchase of these items must comply with all applicable acquisition regulations, to include the Trade Agreements Act. The Trade Agreements Act would apply as it would to any other open-market buy, e.g., the open market items would be subject to the Trade Agreements Act thresholds; a waiver could be approved at the order level. Waivers DO NOT apply to GSA MAS items, only the open-market portion of the order.

4.20. If a contractor has a product it wants to offer but does not have the Letter of Supply that’s needed to get it awarded under its MAS contract, can it be acquired as an OLM instead?

By definition, OLMs are items that are unknown at the time of MAS contract award. If the product is a “known” item (i.e., one the contractor routinely offers), it should be added to the MAS contract and a Letter of Supply is required.

However, if a need for the product is identified at the order level and the item is not awarded on the MAS contract, the contractor can offer it as an OLM. Letters of Supply are not required for OLMs.

4.21. Will GSA verify that the contractor has the authority to sell an OLM item (e.g., that the manufacturer has authorized the contractor to sell the item or they are getting it from another source)?

OLMs are established at the order level, so if verification is required it’ll need to be handled by the ordering activity CO.

4.22. Can OLMs be included in orders placed by state and local customers using the Cooperative Purchasing Program?

Yes. OLMs can be included in orders placed by state and local customers authorized to use the Cooperative Purchasing Program, provided the contractor has the OLM SIN awarded on their MAS contract.

4.23. Can OLMs be included in MAS orders placed by state and local customers using the Disaster Purchasing Program?

Yes. OLMs/the OLMs SIN can be included in orders placed by state and local customers using the Disaster Purchasing Program.

4.24. Can a CSA for OLM items be included at the order level when the CSA has not been approved at the MAS contract level?

Yes. All requirements of the MAS contract flow down to the order level, so the same requirements that would be applicable to a CSA at the MAS contract level would apply to a CSA associated with an OLM. As long as the CSA is in compliance with the overall CSA requirements, it can be included for an OLM while not being approved at the MAS contract level.

4.25. Can OLMs be included on a Fixed-Price order?

Yes. However, the OLM CLIN must be T&M, thus making the order a “hybrid.” Ordering activities should structure requirements to maximize the use of Fixed-Price elements. This may result in a “hybrid” order that, despite having T&M elements, is classified as Fixed-Price for reporting purposes. For example, an order may include several Fixed-Price CLINs totaling $200,000, plus a T&M CLIN for OLMs with a not-to-exceed threshold of $25,000. Since the majority of the order dollar value is awarded on a Fixed-Price basis, the order may be classified as Fixed-Price for reporting purposes.

4.26. How does the “bona fide need rule” apply to OLMs?

For OLMs, the “bona fide need rule” is applied no differently than it would be for any other T&M order placed under the MAS Program.

5. Contractor compliance

5.1. Do all MAS contract-level terms and conditions apply to OLMs?

Yes, with these exceptions. OLMs are exempt from the following GSAR clauses:

  • 552.238-77 Submission and Distribution of Authorized Federal Supply Schedule Price Lists
  • 552.238-81 Price Reductions

All other MAS contract-level terms and conditions apply (e.g., Trade Agreements Act, Industrial Funding Fee and Sales Reporting, AbilityOne, Transactional Data Reporting (if applicable)).

5.2. Does Transactional Data Reporting apply to OLMs?

Yes. If a contractor is participating in the Transactional Data Reporting initiative, all Transactional Data Reporting data elements must be reported for the OLMs SIN just as they are for any other awarded SIN.

5.3. Does the Industrial Funding Fee apply to OLMs?

Yes. The OLMs SIN is subject to GSAR clause 552.238-80 Industrial Funding Fee and Sales Reporting. Contractors are required to report sales and remit the Industrial Funding Fee for all sales under the OLMs SIN. Contractors must include the Industrial Funding Fee in proposed OLM pricing.

5.4. Do industry quality standards (e.g., ANSI/BIFMA standards for furniture) apply to OLMs?

If a quality standard would otherwise apply to the item when purchasing on an open market basis, it applies to the item when purchasing using OLM authority.

5.5. How will a contractor demonstrate compliance to the Industrial Operations Analyst for orders that include OLMs?

The OLMs SIN is much like any other MAS SIN when it comes to Industrial Operations Analyst compliance visits. Industrial Operations Analysts will check for compliance with applicable clauses, which for the OLMs SIN includes all MAS contract clauses with three exceptions (see 5.1, above). This will include things like ensuring proper compliance with sales reporting, Industrial Funding Fee remittance, Transactional Data Reporting (if applicable), etc. Industrial Operations Analysts will be checking to make sure that OLMs are included only in orders under subcategories authorized for OLMs, and that a contractor utilizing OLM authority has been awarded the OLMs SIN. They’ll also be checking for compliance with GSAR clause 552.238-115, e.g., for documentation related to OLM items exceeding the Simplified Acquisition Threshold (the three-quote requirement, etc.).

5.6. What happens if a contractor quotes something as an OLM but does not have the OLM SIN awarded on their MAS contract?

Per GSAR clause 552.238-115(d)(5), “All order-level materials shall be placed under the Order-Level Materials SIN.” Contractors are not authorized to quote OLMs unless they have been awarded the OLMs SIN. A contractor that quotes OLMs without having the OLMs SIN awarded under its contract is in violation of the terms and conditions of its MAS contract. Ordering activity COs should be checking GSA eLibrary to verify the contractual information provided by the contractor in its quote, to include the award of the OLMs SIN.

5.7. Does a contractor need to update its Authorized Federal Supply Schedule Price List after adding the OLMs SIN?

Yes. Once the OLMs SIN is added to the MAS contract, the contractor needs to add it to its MAS price list. Please keep in mind that no items or pricing are awarded at the contract level under the OLMs SIN. By definition, OLMs are unknown when the contract is awarded and therefore must be established and priced at the order level.

Therefore, the OLMs SIN is added to the list of awarded SINs on the price list, but without any pricing entries. If desired, contractors may refer ordering activities to www.gsa.gov/olm for more information, and/or they may note in the price list that OLMs are established and priced at the order level.

5.8. Is special documentation required for orders that include OLMs?

GSAR clause 552.238-115 Special Ordering Procedures for the Acquisition of OLMs includes several documentation requirements unique to OLMs. A contractor proposing OLMs as part of a solution is required to obtain a minimum of three quotes for each OLM above the Simplified Acquisition Threshold. One of these three quotes may include materials furnished by the contractor under FAR 52.212-4 Alt I (i)(1)(ii)(A). If the contractor cannot obtain three quotes, the contractor is required to maintain documentation addressing why three quotes could not be obtained to support their determination. A contractor with an approved purchasing system per FAR Subpart 44.3 is exempt from these requirements.

Please also note that in accordance with GSAR clause 552.215-70 Examination of Records by GSA, GSA has the authority to examine the contractor’s records for compliance with the pricing provisions in FAR clause 52.212-4 Alternate I, to include examination of any books, documents, papers, and records involving transactions related to the contract for overbillings, billing errors, and compliance with the Industrial Funding Fee and the Sales Reporting clauses of the contract.

6. The 33.33% limitation

6.1. Is the 33.33% limitation based on the dollar value of the order or the number of items ordered?

The 33.33% limitation on OLMs is based on the total dollar value of the order. GSA considers “total value” to be the anticipated or recorded dollar value of MAS contract items at time of order award, inclusive of option periods and the Industrial Funding Fee. Travel costs and open market items are excluded from this total value calculation.

6.2. What about logical follow-on orders issued on a sole source basis — does the 33.33% calculation start over?

Yes. A logical follow-on order is a new order, and therefore the 33.33% is calculated based on this new order only.

6.3. If items are not awarded at the MAS contract level and have to be added to an order under the OLMs SIN, what happens if they’re added to the MAS contract during the order performance period? Does the OLM calculation go back to zero, or does it stay as-is?

The existing OLMs and their relative percentage under the order remain the same. If an item is routinely provided and can be priced at the MAS contract level, it should be added to the contract under the Ancillary Supplies and Services SIN or ODC SIN when available. However, it’ll likely be rare that items included under the OLMs SIN will be able to be priced at the contract level. OLMs tend to vary widely depending on the specifics of the order, which is why they cannot be established or priced at the contract level.

6.4. What happens if the 33.33% limit is exceeded on an order?

Compliance with the regulatory 33.33% limitation is important. GSA recommends close monitoring of orders to prevent this from happening. Our long-term goal is to demonstrate successful and proper use of OLM authority so we can make a strong case for incorporation of OLM authority into FAR subpart 8.4. Frequent misuse and abuse of this authority, even on a small scale, will hinder these efforts.

6.5. Are the OLMs SIN Maximum Order Threshold of $100,000 and the 33.33% limitation on OLMs related?

No. Whenever a new SIN is established, GSA must set a Maximum Order Threshold, among many other data elements, in order to load the SIN into our various systems. However, the Maximum Order Threshold is simply a recommended point at which the ordering activity CO should seek additional discounts. Note also that an ordering activity CO can seek additional discounts or concessions at any time under the MAS Program, regardless of whether an order exceeds the Maximum Order Threshold for a particular SIN.

The 33.33% limitation on OLMs is based on the total dollar value of the order (or the cumulative value across all orders for Blanket Purchase Agreements). GSA considers “total value” to be the anticipated or recorded dollar value of MAS contract items at time of order award, inclusive of option periods and the Industrial Funding Fee. Travel costs and open market items are excluded from this total value calculation. The 33.33% limitation applies to the total dollar value, regardless of what the Maximum Order Threshold is for each SIN included on the order.

6.6. If an ordering agency is working with GSA’s Assisted Acquisition Services Division, does GSA’s Assisted Acquisition Services Division’s fees count toward the total dollar value of the acquisition?

No. When ensuring an order complies with the 33.33% limitation on OLMs, GSA’s Assisted Acquisition Services Division’s fees should not be included when calculating the total dollar value of the order.

6.7. What if certain CLINs under an order are defunded, causing the balance of OLMs versus total value to be thrown off unexpectedly, and for the 33.33% limitation to be exceeded?

This is a scenario beyond the control of the ordering activity CO. If it’s not possible to bring the OLM percentage back into compliance when the order is modified/defunded, the CO should document the file with an explanation of what happened.

6.8. Why 33.33%? How did GSA arrive at that figure?

GSA determined that a limitation on OLMs was a necessary protection in order to meet statutory requirements. GSA received feedback from industry and ordering activities during the rulemaking process that the cap must be at least 25% to meet certain types of customer requirements, but below 50% to ensure the principal purpose of the order was to acquire a service or product off of the MAS. GSA also concluded that to be consistent with the MAS Program, the cap has to be clear, has to be easy to explain to customer agencies, has to be easy for contractors to understand and follow, has to be easy for GSA to conduct needed training, and has to be easy for everyone to remember. Based on these criteria, GSA set the limitation at 33.33%. Please refer to the OLM final rule for additional explanation.

6.9. Who is responsible for monitoring the 33.33% limitation, contractors or ordering activities?

The ordering activity CO is responsible for monitoring compliance with the 33.33% limitation.

6.10. Can some OLMs be handled as Open Market Items instead, to prevent the order from exceeding the 33.33% limitation?

Yes. However, ordering activity COs should keep in mind that adding Open Market Items to a MAS order for administrative convenience in accordance with the authority of FAR 8.402(f) means that the purchase of these items must comply with all applicable acquisition regulations.

6.11. If the order is modified, does the 33.33% calculation remain based on the original value at time of award or on the modified value?

The 33.33% limitation on OLMs must be maintained throughout the order period, including the value of any options or modifications.

6.12. Are there any exceptions to the 33.33% limitation? For example, what if the MAS contract-level items in the order are “small ticket items” compared to the OLMs?

There are no exceptions to the 33.33% limitation. If the dollar value of OLMs is high compared to the MAS contract-level items in an order, this brings into question whether the OLMs are truly incidental to the work being performed.

7. Indirect costs

7.1. How will G&A expenses be covered?

OLM authority includes the flexibility to reimburse the contractor for indirect costs, which can include, for example, material handling and subcontract administration costs. Specifically, GSAR clause 552.212-4 Alt I (i)(1)(ii)(D)(2) includes the following fill-in language addressing indirect costs:

Each order must list separately the fixed amount for the indirect costs and payment schedule; if no indirect costs are approved, insert “None.”

The ordering activity CO must make a determination that all indirect costs approved for payment are fair and reasonable (see GSAR clause 552.238-115(d)(7)(iii)).

7.2. What if a contractor’s indirect costs are in the form of a percentage rate (%) instead of a fixed dollar amount?

Indirect cost OLMs must be established under the order as a fixed dollar amount. Indirect cost percentage rates are not allowed. However, contractors have the option of using their indirect cost percentage rate to calculate a proposed fixed dollar amount for these costs, based on the specifics of the order.

7.3. How will contractors support indirect cost OLMs if they do not have DCAA or similarly approved rates?

Indirect costs should not be proposed unless it’s already the contractor’s routine practice to include them when doing business. In the absence of approved DCAA rates, the contractor should support proposed indirect costs with documentation already on-hand.

7.4. Do contractors have to pay Industrial Funding Fee on indirect cost OLMs?

Yes. As an OLM, indirect costs are considered MAS contract items and must be inclusive of the Industrial Funding Fee.

8. MAS Blanket Purchase Agreements

8.1. Under an existing MAS Blanket Purchase Agreement, can the ordering activity CO add OLMs/the OLMs SIN after contractors have added it to their contracts?

See the answer to question 4.14 under Section 4: Order-level/Request for Quotes requirements.

8.2. How is the 33.33% limitation applied to MAS Blanket Purchase Agreements?

A technical amendment was issued to the final rule on August 16, 2018, to clarify how the 33.33% limitation applies to MAS Blanket Purchase Agreements. OLM special ordering procedures now make it clear that the 33.33% limitation applies not on an individual order basis, but to the cumulative value of OLMs across all orders placed against the Blanket Purchase Agreement. Reference GSAR clause 552.238-115(d)(4) and the technical amendment for further details.

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Last updated: Apr 28, 2025
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Glossary

  • An SBA program that helps provide a level playing field for small businesses owned by socially and economically disadvantaged people or entities that meet the following eligibility requirements:

    • Be a small business
    • Not already have participated in the 8(a) program
    • Be at least 51 percent owned and controlled by U.S. citizens who are economically and socially disadvantaged
    • Be owned by someone whose personal net worth is $750,000 or less.
    • Be owned by someone whose average adjusted gross income for three years is $350,000 or less
    • Be owned by someone with $6 million or less in assets
    • Have the owner manage day-to-day operations and also make long-term decisions
    • Have all its principals demonstrate good character
    • Show potential for success and be able to perform successfully on contracts

    See Title 13 Part 124 of the Code of Federal Regulations for more information.

  • From 5 USC 5701(6), "continental United States" means the several states and the District of Columbia, but does not include Alaska or Hawaii.

  • A multiple-award IDIQ governmentwide acquisition contract offering complete and flexible IT solutions worldwide. A best-in-class GWAC and preferred governmentwide solution, Alliant 2 offers:

    • Artificial intelligence
    • Distributed ledger technology
    • Robotic process automation
    • Other types of emerging technologies

    It provides best-value IT solutions to federal agencies, while strengthening chances in federal contracting for small businesses through subcontracting.

  • An agreement established by a government buyer with a Multiple Award Schedule contractor to fill repetitive needs for supplies or services.

  • Types of funds to use on specific expenses.

    • BA51 is for new construction
    • BA53 is for rental of space
    • BA54 is for repairs and alterations below the prospectus level
    • BA55 is for repairs and alterations above the prospectus level
    • BA61 is for operations, except salaries, cleaning, utilities, etc.
  • The work done to make a structure or system ready for use or to bring a construction or development project to a completed state.

  • Negotiated firm-fixed pricing on airline seats for official government travel. The locked-in ticket prices for the fiscal year save federal agencies time and money. Federal employees enjoy flexibility to change their plans without incurring penalties or additional costs. All negotiated rates have:

    • Flexibility to book one-way, multi-leg, and round-trip tickets
    • Lenient refund policies
    • Ability to adjust or cancel flights at no additional cost
    • Unrestricted time limits on ticketing
    • No advance purchase requirements
    • No blackout periods

    Use the CPP search tool to find current fares.

  • A space where individuals work independently or co-work collaboratively in a shared office. The work environment is similar to a typical office, usually inclusive of office equipment and amenities. Typical features of co-working facilities include work spaces, wireless internet, communal printer/copier/fax, shared kitchens, restrooms and open seating areas. May also be referred to as a “shared office.”

  • A system that is bought from a commercial vendor to solve a particular problem, as opposed to one that a vendor custom builds.

  • An employee who negotiates and awards contracts with vendors and who has the sole authority to change, alter or modify a contract.

  • An employee whose duties are to develop proper requirements and ensure contractors meet the commitments during contract administration, including the timeliness and delivery of quality goods and services as required by the contract.

  • A request of GSA where a federal agency retains and manages all aspects of the procurement process and is able to work with the selected vendor after award.

  • An SBA program that gives preferential consideration for certain government contracts to businesses that meet the following eligibility requirements:

    • Meet all the requirements of the WOSB Federal Contract program
    • Be owned and controlled by one or more women, each with a personal net worth less than $850,000
    • Be owned and controlled by one or more women, each with $450,000 or less in adjusted gross income averaged over the previous three years
    • Be owned and controlled by one or more women, each $6.5 million or less in personal assets

    See Title 13 Part 127 Subpart B of the Code of Federal Regulations for more information.

  • The primary regulation for federal agencies to use when buying supplies and services with funds from Congress.

    Use acquisition.gov to browse FAR parts or subparts or download the full FAR in various formats.

  • The travel and relocation policy for all federal civilian employees and others authorized to travel at government expense.

  • A program that promotes the adoption of secure cloud services across the federal government by providing a standardized approach to security and risk assessment.

  • A GSA business line that provides safe, reliable, low-cost vehicle solutions for federal agency customers and eligible entities. Offerings include:

    • Vehicle purchasing, leasing and short-term rentals
    • Vehicle disposal
    • Maintenance control and accident management
    • Loss prevention and fuel services
    • A fleet management system with detailed, accurate data
  • A charge card for U.S. government personnel to use when paying for fuel and maintenance of GSA Fleet vehicles. Find out where the Fleet card is accepted, how to use it and more.

  • A Department of Homeland Security program that allows members to use expedited lanes at U.S. airports and when crossing international borders by air, land and sea.

  • A charge card for certain U.S. Government employees to use when buying mission-related supplies or services using simplified acquisition procedures, when applicable, and when the total cost does not exceed micro-purchase thresholds.

  • A charge card for U.S. government personnel to use when paying for reimbursable expenses while on official travel. Visit smartpay.gsa.gov for more.

  • A vehicle used to perform an agency’s mission(s), as authorized by the agency.

  • A pre-competed, multiple-award, indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contract that agencies can use to buy total IT solutions more efficiently and economically.

  • A ceremony marking the official start of a new construction project, typically involving driving shovels into ground at the site.

  • An online shopping and ordering system at gsaadvantage.gov that provides access for federal government employees and in some cases, state and local entities, to purchase from thousands of contractors offering millions of supplies and services.

  • An online auction site at gsaauctions.gov that allows the general public to bid on and buy excess federal personal property assets such as:

    • Office equipment
    • Furniture
    • Scientific equipment
    • Heavy machinery
    • Airplanes
    • Vessels
    • Vehicles
  • Real property for which GSA is responsible. It can be either federally owned or leased from a public or private property owner.

  • An SBA program that gives preferential consideration for certain government contracts to business that meet the following eligibility requirements:

    • Be a small business
    • Be at least 51 percent owned and controlled by U.S. citizens, a Community Development Corporation, an agricultural cooperative, a Native Hawaiian organization, or an Indian tribe
    • Have its principal office located in a HUBZone
    • Have at least 35 percent of its employees live in a HUBZone

    See Title 13 Part 126 Subpart B of the Code of Federal Regulations for more information.

  • A type of contract when the quantity of supplies or services, above a specified minimum, the government will require is not known. IDIQs help streamline the contract process and speed service delivery.

  • A fee paid by businesses who are awarded contracts under Multiple Award Schedule to cover GSA’s cost of operating the program. The fee is a fixed percentage of reported sales under MAS contracts that contractors pay within 30 calendar days following the completion of each quarter.

  • A law that provides $3.375 billion for us to:

    • Invest in federal buildings with materials and technologies, making them more efficient, saving taxpayer dollars and creating opportunities for small businesses.
    • Help boost the competitiveness of American manufacturers developing materials.

    This includes $2.15 billion for low embodied carbon materials in construction projects, $975 million to support emerging and sustainable technologies, and $250 million for measures to convert more buildings into High Performance Buildings.

  • An investment in our nation’s infrastructure and competitiveness. The law provides funding for LPOE modernization projects that will create new good-paying jobs, bolster safety and security, and make our economy more resilient to supply chain challenges.

  • A written agreement entered into between two federal agencies, or major organizational units within an agency, which specifies the goods to be furnished or tasks to be accomplished by one agency (the servicing agency) in support of the other (the requesting agency).

  • A facility, also known as a border station, that provides controlled entry into or departure from the United States for persons or materials. It houses the U.S. Customs and Border Protection and other federal inspection agencies responsible for the enforcement of federal laws related to entering into or departing from the U.S.

  • An employee who is responsible for preparing, negotiating, awarding and monitoring compliance of lease agreements.

  • Criteria used to select the technically acceptable proposal with the lowest evaluated price. Solicitations must specify that award will be made on the basis of the lowest evaluated price of proposals meeting or exceeding the acceptability standards for non-cost factors.

  • The rate of reimbursement for driving a privately owned vehicle when your agency authorizes it. Current rates are at gsa.gov/mileage.

  • Long-term governmentwide contracts with commercial firms providing federal, state, and local government buyers access to more than 11 million commercial products and services at volume discount pricing. Also called Schedules or Federal Supply Schedules.

  • The standard federal agencies use to classify business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. business economy.

  • A family of six separate governmentwide multiple award, IDIQ contracts for management and advisory, facilities, technical and engineering, logistics, intelligence services, research and development, environmental, and enterprise solutions.

  • A formal, signed agreement between GSA’s Public Buildings Service and a federal agency for a specific space assignment.

  • Services performed under a contract with a federal agency that include:

    • Cemetery maintenance
    • Electrical systems and energy management control systems
    • Elevator inspection and maintenance
    • Energy management and audit services
    • Fire alarm and fire suppression system maintenance
    • Janitorial
    • Landscaping and snow removal
    • Marine vessel maintenance and repair services
    • Painting
    • Pest control
    • Plumbing or pipe fitting
    • Refrigeration or heating, cooling, and air conditioning
    • Smart buildings
  • The per day rates for the lower 48 continental United States, which federal employees are reimbursed for expenses incurred while on official travel. Per diem includes three allowances:

    • A rate for lodging
    • A rate for meals
    • A rate for incidental expenses
  • An identification card that allows credentialed government personal to access facilities, computers, or information systems. May also be referred to as HSPD-12 card, LincPass, Smart Card, or CAC.

  • Furniture and equipment such as appliances, wall hangings, technological devices, and the relocation expenses for such property.

  • Information that can be used to distinguish or trace an individual’s identity, either alone or when combined with other information that is linked or linkable to a specific individual. Get our agency's privacy policies and practices as they apply to our employees, contractors, and clients.

  • You should only drive a privately owned vehicle for official travel after your agency evaluates the use of:

    • A common carrier
    • A government-furnished vehicle
    • A rental car

    When your agency has determined a POV to be the most advantageous method of transportation, you are authorized reimbursement for mileage and some additional allowances (parking, bridge, road and tunnel fees, etc.).

  • Approvals from GSA’s congressional authorizing committees, the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works and the U.S. House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, for proposed capital and leasing projects that require funding over an annually established threshold.

  • Region 1 (New England): Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont

    Region 2 (Northeast and Caribbean): Northern New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands

    Region 3 (Mid-Atlantic): Delaware, parts of Maryland, Southern New Jersey, Pennsylvania, parts of Virginia, West Virginia

    Region 4 (Southeast Sunbelt): Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee

    Region 5 (Great Lakes): Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin

    Region 6 (Heartland): Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska

    Region 7 (Greater Southwest): Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas

    Region 8 (Rocky Mountain): Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming

    Region 9 (Pacific Rim): Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada

    Region 10 (Northwest Arctic): Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington

    Region 11 (National Capital): Washington, D.C., area including parts of Maryland and Virginia

  • Formal agreements between GSA and a federal agency customer where GSA agrees to provide goods, services, or both, and the federal agency agrees to reimburse GSA’s direct and indirect costs. The customer portal for RWA information is called eRETA at extportal.pbs.gsa.gov.

  • A document used in negotiated procurements to communicate government requirements to prospective contractors (firms holding Multiple Award Schedule contracts) and to solicit proposals (offers) from them.

  • A document used to communicate government requirements, but which do not solicit binding offers. Quotations submitted in response are not offers. The Multiple Award Schedule order is the offer, and then the contractor can do something to show acceptance, like ordering supplies or contacting subcontractors.

  • An SBA program that gives preferential consideration for certain government contracts to businesses that meet the following eligibility requirements:

    • Be a small business
    • Be at least 51% owned and controlled by one or more service-disabled veterans
    • Have one or more service-disabled veterans manage day-to-day operations and also make long-term decisions
    • Eligible veterans must have a service-connected disability
    • Permanently and totally disabled veterans who are unable to manage the daily business operations of their business may still qualify if their spouse or appointed, permanent caregiver is assisting in that management

    See Title 13 Part 128 Subpart B of the Code of Federal Regulations for more information.

  • An SBA designation for businesses that meet size standards set for each NAICS code. Most manufacturing companies with 500 employees or fewer, and most non-manufacturing businesses with average annual receipts under $7.5 million, will qualify as a small business.

    See Title 13 Part 121.201 of the Code of Federal Regulations for more information.

  • To improve and stimulate small business utilization, we award contracts to businesses that are owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals. We have contracting assistance for:

    • 8(a) Business Development contractors
    • Historically underutilized business zone
    • Service-disabled, veteran-owned small businesses
    • Small businesses
    • Small disadvantaged businesses
    • Veteran-owned small businesses
    • Women-owned small businesses
  • A Small Business Administration program that gives preferential consideration for certain government contracts to business that meet the following eligibility requirements:

    • Be a small business
    • The firm must be 51% or more owned and controlled by one or more disadvantaged persons
    • The disadvantaged person or persons must be socially disadvantaged and economically disadvantaged

    See Title 13 Section 124.1001 of the Code of Federal Regulations for more information.

  • The basis for the lease negotiation process, which becomes part of the lease. SFOs include the information necessary to enable prospective offerors to prepare proposals. See SFO minimum requirements.

  • Specific supply and service subcategories within our Multiple Award Schedule. For the Information Technology Category, a SIN might be new equipment or cloud services.

  • An online system at sam.gov, which the U.S. Government uses to consolidate acquisition and award systems for use by contractors wishing to do business with the federal government. Formerly known as FBO.gov, all contracting opportunities valued over $25,000 are posted at sam.gov.

  • When you use a government purchase card, such as the "GSA SmartPay" travel card for business travel, your lodging and rental car costs may be exempt from state sales tax. Individually billed account travel cards are not tax exempt in all states. Search for exemption status, forms and important information.

  • The finishes and fixtures federal agency tenants select that take a space from a shell condition to a finished, usable condition and compliant with all applicable building codes and standards.

  • A statute that applies to all Multiple Award Schedule contracts, unless otherwise stated in the solicitation or contract, which requires contractors to sell to the U.S. Government only products that are manufactured or “substantially transformed” in the U.S. or a TAA-designated country.

  • An option for vendors to report transactional data — information generated when the government purchases goods or services from a vendor — to help us make federal government buying more effective.

    See our TDR page for which SINs are eligible and which line-item data to submit.

  • A unique number required to do business with the federal government.

  • An indicator of how efficiently a federal agency is currently using space, it is traditionally calculated by dividing the usable square feet of the space, by the number of personnel who occupy the space.

  • A Small Business Administration program that gives preferential consideration for certain government contracts to businesses that meet the following eligibility requirements:

    • Be a small business, as defined by the size standard corresponding to any NAICS code listed in the business’s SAM profile
    • Have no less than 51% of the business owned and controlled by one or more veterans
    • For those veterans who are permanently and totally disabled and unable to manage the daily business operations of their business, their business may still qualify if their spouse or appointed, permanent caregiver is assisting in that management

    Get a full list of eligibility requirements.

  • A governmentwide acquisition contract exclusively for service-disabled veteran-owned small businesses to sell IT services such as:

    • Data management
    • Information and communications technology
    • IT operations and maintenance
    • IT security
    • Software development
    • Systems design
    • New and emerging technologies
  • The amount of solid waste, such as trash or garbage, construction and demolition waste, and hazardous waste, that is reused, recycled or composted instead of being put in a landfill or burned.

  • A GSA program designed to promote recycling and reuse of solid waste.

  • A Small Business Administration program that gives preferential consideration for certain government contracts to businesses that meet the following eligibility requirements:

    • Be a small business
    • Be at least 51% owned and controlled by women who are U.S. citizens
    • Have women manage day-to-day operations who also make long-term decisions

    See Title 13 Part 127 Subpart B of the Code of Federal Regulations for more information.